Giorgio Napolitano (1925-2023) was the eleventh President of Italy, serving from 2006 until 2015, the first one to have two successive mandates. He was a Member of Parliament for the Italian Communist Party (PCI) and then for the Partito Democratico della Sinistra (PDS) from 1953 to 1996. Napolitano was President of the Chamber of Deputies from 1992 to 1994, as well as a member of the European Parliament from 1999 to 2004 before being named Senator-for-life in 2005 and then President of the Italian Republic in 2006.